Amategeko yashinzwe no gutera ibihingwa byatsi cyangwa guhinduranya ibyatsi karemano, bifite imikorere yo gutunganya ibidukikije n'imitako, buhoro buhoro paradizo, paradizo yo gutembera no kuruhuka ibidukikije ibidukikije, hamwe n'ingofero ku bakinnyi ".
一.Gushushanya Amategekono gukora ahantu h'ubusitani
Imiterere ya geometrike ya nyakatsi irashobora gukoreshwa mugushushanya ahantu hasanzwe hatandukanye, kandi amategeko atandukanye adasanzwe arashobora guhindura ubucucike nuburebure bwa nyaburanga. Iyi ni imwe mugaragaza uburyo bwo guhinga kandi bukoreshwa cyane. Usibye gukoresha icyatsi nkinyuma, ibara rya nyakatsi rikoreshwa cyane mugushushanya ahantu nyaburanga. Umucyo no kwezwa kwubwama. Umucyo wibara rya nyakatsi biratandukanye nuburyo butandukanye. Byongeye. Icyerekezo cy'ibyatsi bya nyakatsi birashobora guhinduka no gutema no guhagarika, bityo ugatanga igicucu gitandukanye. Ukoresheje ibyatsi byumuriro byimiterere itandukanye kugirango ukore imiterere, nubwo yaba ari icyatsi, abantu barashobora kuvuga itandukaniro, nkuko bongeraho uburyo bwijimye kumurima wijimye, ingaruka zubuhanzi ziratandukanye.
Mu gishushanyo mbonera cya nyakatsi, kwitabwaho bigomba kwishyurwa bitandukanye, ubunini butandukanye kandi butandukanye ibara. Muri icyo gihe, imiterere, induru, ibara n'ibiranga imiterere ya nyakatsi birashobora gukoreshwa mu guhuza, kugirango ugire ahantu nyaburanga hamwe nibitandukanye kandi bidasobanutse kandi byuzuye. Plastike ya nyakatsi irashobora koroshya imirongo ikaze yinyubako kandi ikungahaza ibihangano byubuhanzi. Ibiremwa byose bikoreshwa mubusitani bugezweho, nibindi bice bikenewe kugirango ushushanye ahantu h'ubusitani. Amashyiga yateguwe ku mpande zombi z'umuhanda munini w'ubusitani, utuma umuhanda munini utwika kandi umwanya ufunguye. Mugihe utegura amategeko kuruhande rwinzira, ibihuru bike birakenewe kugirango hamenyekane ahantu nyaburanga yumuhanda munini. Muri iki gihe, inzira hamwe na terrain bahujwe no gushushanya umurongo, bishobora gutera imyumvire yubuhanzi "inzira zizunguruka ziganisha ahantu hitaruye". Kubwibyo, Amacumbi yahujwe nindabyo, ibihuru n'ibiti birashobora gukora ahantu hahanamye.
二. Gutera neza kugirango hamenyekane urumuri
Hariho uburyo bune bwo gutera: kubiba, gutera, gushyira ibyatsi kandiGushiraho ibyatsi. Kuburyo bwo kubiba, guhitamo imbuto no kuvura imbuto bigomba gukorwa kugirango bamenye uburyo bwo kubiba no kubiba; Ku buryo bwo gutera, uburyo bwo gutera bugomba kugenwa, isoko y'ibyatsi igomba gutorwa, kandi inkomoko y'ibyatsi igomba gucukurwa no gutegurwa; Gushira ibyatsi no gushyira mu gaciro nyakatsi bigomba kunyura mu gutoranya ibyatsi, kugena ibyatsi biranga ibyatsi, ubwikorezi no kubika, ubundi buryo bwo gushiramo ibyiza n'ibibi. Iyo ushizeho ibyatsi, uburyo bukwiye bwo gutera agomba gutorwa ukurikije ibintu nyirizina kubyara amategeko yubukungu kandi menshi.
1.. Imyiteguro myiza yubutaka
Urubuga rugomba gutegurwa ukurikije ubutumburuke mbere yo gutera ibyatsi. Ibikorwa byingenzi birimo: Gucukura (Planing) Ubutaka butarekuye, Kuringaniza, Gufumbira, nibindi, no guhindura ubutaka mugihe bibaye ngombwa. Kubyerekeranye nibisabwa byihariye nkamaziga ya siporo, ibikoresho byamazi bigomba no gushyirwaho. Mu rwego rwo kunoza uburumbuke bwubutaka, nibyiza gushyira mu bikorwa ifumbire ya kama ndende nk'ifumbire shingiro. Mu rwego rwo gukumira udukoko dutange kandi urinde imizi yigituba, shyiramo imiti yica udukoko mu gihe mugihe ushyira ifumbire kugirango wirinde ifu yo gukora ifu yo gukora ibibyimba kandi bigira ingaruka ku bimera bya nyakatsi.
2. Tegura uburyo bwo kuvomera no kuhira
Kimwe nibindi bibuga, amategeko akeneye gusuzuma gukuraho amazi yo hejuru. Kubwibyo, iyo uringaniye izuba, birakenewe gusuzuma imiyoboro yubutaka. Hano hari desisare kugirango twirinde amazi. Amarenge akoresha ahantu hahanamye. Umucyo woroheje uhanamye wubatswe ahantu runaka. Ku mpera yo hepfo, amazi yimvura arashobora kwishyirirwaho no gusohora amazi yo hejuru, kandi birashobora kumeneka mu miyoboro yo mu nzego cyangwa ihujwe na pisine ikiyaga. Ubuso bwiza bwa nyakatsi bugomba kuba hejuru gato hagati kandi buhoro buhoro hagabanutse kugera kubyerekeranye cyangwa ku nkombe. Amashyiga meza cyane cyangwa afite urwego rwo mu mazi yo mu mazi cyangwa mu mazi menshi, amashyipe yo mu murima w'imikino, n'ibindi, bose bagomba kuba bafite imiyoboro ihishe cyangwa imboro ifunguye. Ikigo cyuzuye cyo kuvoma nugukoresha sisitemu yimbitse ihujwe nubuso bwamazi yubusa cyangwa umuyoboro wamazi. Kugeza ubu, amategeko menshi murugo no mumahanga akoresha kuhira. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umuyoboro wa Spricyler ugomba gushyingurwa imbere yurubuga rwa nyuma kurubuga.
Igihe cya nyuma: Ukwakira-16-2024