Inama yibanze: Gutanga amazi akomeye bimaze guhinduka buhoro buhoro amacunga abuza iterambere ryibikorikori. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibyatsi byo kuzigama amazi nikibazo cyingenzi nabakozi ba nyakatsi. Ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi mu cya cyatsi cy'Ubushinwa cyakoze ubushakashatsi bwuzuye ku cyambu cyuzuye mu mazi akiza mu mazi mu buryo bwo guhitamo inzira nyabagendwa z'amapfa, kandi gusubiramo amazi yo kuhira amashyiga.
Gutanga amazi akomeye buhoro buhoro buhoro buhoro hagenda hagabana iterambere ryibikorikori. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibyatsi byo kuzigama amazi nikibazo cyingenzi nabakozi ba nyakatsi. Ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi ku cya cyatsi cyagize ubushakashatsi bwuzuye ku cyambu cyuzuye mu mazi akiza mu mazi mu buryo bwo guhitamo inzira nyabagendwa, no kuvoma amazi akiza AMABWIRIZA.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ikoranabuhanga ryorora urujya n'uruza, rikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kuhira siyanse hamwe no guteza imbere umutungo w'amazi ushobora kongerwa birashobora kugabanya cyane imyanda y'amazi mu byerekanwa. Amashyi ntabwo arya amazi nkuko abantu bamwe bavuga.
Ubworozi bw'amapfa
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ubwoko butandukanye bwimiturire nubwoko butandukanye bwibinyabuzima akeneye amazi atandukanye, bityo akoresha ubwoko butandukanye bwo kuzigama amazi afite akamaro ko kuzigama amazi mumazi.
Igihe cyorora ubwoko bw'imiturire, usibye gukoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo korora, biotechology bushobora no gukoreshwa mu gushyiraho itsembabwoko rirwanya amapfa kugira ngo babone ubwoko bushya bwo kutagira amarangamutima. Biteganijwe ko turdust ya genetifike hamwe na genes zirwanya amapfa zirashobora kuzigama kimwe cya kabiri cyamazi ugereranije naUmuhanda usanzwe; Niba byatewe mu gace kanini, birashobora gukiza 20% kugeza 30% by'amazi yo kuhira.
Ubuyobozi bwo kuzigama amazi no kuhira siyanse
Imwe mu mfunguzo zo kuvoma amazi yo kuzigama amazi ni ugusobanukirwa umubare w'amategeko mu bukungu. Amafaranga yo kuhira ubukungu ni amafaranga make yo kuhira kugirango habeho iterambere risanzwe ryatsi. Birakenewe gukomeza kuringaniza amazi ya ecosystem ya nyakatsi kandi wirinde imyanda y'amazi iterwa no kuhira cyane. Kuhira ibyatsi bigomba kureka imyumvire itari yo ko ari byiza kubona ibirenze kubura, no kumenya no kuhira siyanse ubwoko butandukanye.
Amazi asabwa ku nyakatsi ntabwo yibasiwe gusa nibiranga genetike yindabyo ubwacyo, ariko kandi nikintu cyibidukikije, harimo kurwego rwo kubungabunga no kuyobora, imiterere yubutaka nuburumbuke bwubutaka. Ibiciro bitandukanye byimbuto hamwe nuburebure bwa stubble bizatera itandukaniro rikomeye mumikoreshereze y'amazi.
Ibiciro bitandukanye bya azote, fosifore, hamwe nuburyo bwa portique ya potasiyumu bivamo umugozi utandukanye, kandi hari isano ikomeye ifite hagati yitandukaniro ryamazi ya nyakatsi n'amazi ya nyakatsi. Amashyi hamwe n'ifumbire yihuse ifite ibisabwa byinshi by'amazi kurushaho kuruta kurera ifumbire. Dukurikije uburyo bwo kubungabunga amazi, igipimo cy'ifumbire vuba aha igomba kugabanywa mu micungire nyayo.
Uburyo bwo kuhira ni ngombwa cyane kubungabunga amazi ya nyakatsi. Uburyo gakondo bwuzura umwuzure bivamo kuvomera amazi adafite ishingiro. Mu myaka yashize, bitewe no kubura umutungo wamazi, imishinga yo kuvoma amazi yateye imbere byihuse. Kugeza ubu, uburyo nyamukuru bwo kuzigama amazi arimo kuvoma, kuhira, kuhira, kuhira no kubona no kuhira.
Imyitozo yagaragaje ko micro-kuhira no kubona kuhira bikwiranye n'ibihingwa by'umurima bifite imirongo n'amashami. Kubyerekeranye n'ibice binini, ibimera byinshi, ndetse bikwirakwizwa, ubu buryo bubiri bwo kuhira ntabwo bufite ubukungu kandi bukora. Kubwibyo, kuhira amazi yo kurokora imibani akoresha ahanini no kuhira.
Igice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo kuhira sprickinkler ni umutwe wampisya. Nozzles irashobora kugabanywamo igitutu gito, igitutu-giciriritse hamwe nigituzo kinini ukurikije igitutu cyabo. Gukangura-kwikemurwa muri rusange byatoranijwe mu kuhira. Amabereri mato mato cyangwa imirongo miremire ya nyakatsi irashobora gukoresha ibara rigufi-umuvuduko muto; Ibimenyetso binini-byakarere nka stade na golf Amateka Amasomo agenga imigabane yo hagati.
Igishushanyo cyo gukwirakwiza imitwe kigomba gushyira mu gaciro kugirango ubuso bwuhira butwikiriwe nabaminjagira ndetse. Sisitemu yo kuhiramo ibisigazwa nayo ikeneye guhitamo ibikoresho byo guswera hamwe nububasha bujyanye no guhuza igitutu cyamazi, kuburyo kuhira kumenagura bishobora kugera ku ngaruka nziza.
Kuhira ibyatsi byawe n'amazi yatunganijwe
Imyanda yatunganijwe kandi igakoreshwa yitwa amazi yagaruwe, igabanijwemo amazi yibanze, amazi ya kabiri yatunganijwe, yagabanijwe n'amazi ya kabiri na tertiary yatunganijwe n'amazi akurikije inzira. Kugeza ubu, kuhira nyamara byinshi bikoresha amazi cyangwa amazi yubutaka.
Ku ruhande rumwe, kuhira kwundi byongera umutwaro ku mazi yo mu mijyi, no kurundi ruhande, imyanda yo mu mijyi ntabwo yakoreshejwe neza. Ubushinwa bushingiye ku bidukikije butangazwa n'ubuyobozi bw'ibidukikije bya Leta byerekana ko gusohora imyanda yose mu gihugu hose mu 2003 byari toni miliyari 46, byerekana ubushobozi bunini bw'iterambere.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ahanini bishoboka ko akoreshwa mu mategeko ahira hamwe n'amazi ya kabiri, ariko basanze ko imizi yo mu turere kagaragaje ingaruka zitandukanye z'ibimenyetso byijimye. Ibi birashobora kuba kuberako hariho ibibi byinshi byahagaritswe mumazi ya kabiri bivuririra hamwe nubwiyongere bwubutaka bubuza ubutaka pores, bigira ingaruka kuriUbutaka bushingiye ku butakaitera imihangayiko ya physiologiya kubari.
Ugereranije na kabiri amazi menshi, gusaba tertiary amazi yatunganijwe neza. Muri rusange bizera ko amazi yatunganijwe ashobora gukoreshwa ahantu hose usibye kunywa, harimo no gukaraba amafi, kuhiga, ibiciro byo gukoresha tertiary byavurijwe, hari icyerekezo cya buhoro buhoro gusimbuza amazi ya kabiri.
Igihe cyagenwe: Ukwakira-12-2024