Amashyi na Turf ntabwo byubakwa rimwe na rimwe. Kimwe nabana, bahora bakeneye ubwitonzi bwawe witonze kugirango bakure ubuzima bwiza. Abamwubatsi benshi birengagiza iyi ngingo kandi bananiwe kugera kubisubizo biteganijwe. Ibikurikira ni ingamba nyinshi zo gucunga amategeko. Niba ubivuze, Nizera ko ibyatsi byawe bizakomeza kugaragara no kwagura igihe cyemewe.
一. Gutema no gutema
Gutema nimwe mu ngero zingenzi zo kuyobora. Ihame, umubare wo gutema buri gihe ntugomba kurenga 1/3 cyibyatsi. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irasabwa uburebure bwa strabble. Birumvikana, kubera ubwane butandukanye bukoreshwa cyangwa imbaraga nkeya, Ibipimo bikurikira, Ibipimo bitandukanye: Cm Brivegras 3.8-7.6 Ryegras 3.8-7 -3.8 ya nyakatsi. Gutema ku gihe birashobora kandi kubuza indabyo n'imbuto bya nyakatsi, bityo ibyatsi bibi bitakaza amahirwe yo kubyara no buhoro buhoro kubikuraho.
二. Topdressing
Kurinyakatsi hejuru, ifumbire mvaruganda cyangwa ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora gukoreshwa. Ingingo zikurikira zigomba kwitonderwa mugihe ushyira ifumbire mvaruganda:
1. Ikigereranyo cya N: P: k kigomba kugenzurwa kuri 5: 4: 3;
2. Amafaranga rusange yubutaka ni 20 kg / mu;
3. Mu bihe bisanzwe, ifumbire ikoreshwa mu gihe cyizuba mu majyepfo no mu majyaruguru;
4. Gufumbira no kuvomera bigomba guhuza cyane kugirango birinde gukoresha nabi kwangiza ibyatsi. Niba ibintu byemewe, nibyiza gukoresha ifumbire y'amazi hamwe nigipimo cyiza. Ifumbire kama zikoreshwa cyane mugihe cyo gusinzira cya nyakatsi, kandi amafaranga ni 1000 ~ 1500 kg / mu, urya buri myaka 2-3. Gushyira mu bikorwa ifumbire mvariraho ntibishobora kunoza gusa ubutaka no gukusanya ubutaka, ariko nanone ufashe nyakatsi kugirango urenganye neza.
三. Kuvomera
Kuvoka ntibishobora kugumana gusa gukura bisanzwe byatsi nyabyo, ariko nanone kunoza ubutwari bwibiti n'amababi no kuzamura gukandagira ibyatsi.
1. Igihe: Kuvomera ibyatsi bigomba gukorwa mugihe cyizuba mugihe guhumeka uruta imvura. Mu gihe cy'itumba, busigaye ubutaka bwa nyakatsi bukonjesha, nta mpamvu yo kuvomera.
2. Igihe: Kubijyanye nibihe, igihe cyiza cyamazi nigihe hariho umuyaga, ushobora kugabanya igihombo cyo guhumeka no koroshya iminuka. Mu gihe, hagamijwe kuzamura igipimo cy'amazi yo gukoresha, mugitondo na nimugoroba nibihe byiza byamazi. Ariko, kuvomera nijoro ntabwo bifasha gukama ibyatsi bya nyaka kandi bikunze gutera indwara.
3. Ingano y'amazi: Mubisanzwe, mugihe cyumye cyibyatsi byiyongera kwatsi, kugirango habeho ibyatsi bishya, harasabwa ibyatsi bishya kuri metero 3 kugeza kuri 4. Munsi yubushyuhe kandi bwumutse, nyakatsi ikura cyane kugirango wongere cm 6 cyangwa amazi menshi mucyumweru. Umubare w'amazi asabwa ahanini ugenwa nuburyo bwubutaka bwa nyakatsi.
4. Uburyo: Kuvomera birashobora gukorwa no kuhira, kuhira ibitonyanga, kuhira umwuzure nubundi buryo. Uburyo butandukanye burashobora gukoreshwa ukurikije urwego rutandukanye rwo kubungabunga no gucunga nibikoresho. Kugirango ukomeze ibyatsi bya nyakatsi gukura mu gihe cyizuba no guhindura icyatsi mu mpeshyi, amazi rimwe buri gihe. Wavome neza kandi neza, ni ingirakamaro cyane kubwibyatsi nyabwa bizarokoka imbeho no guhindura icyatsi.
四. Kwirinda no kugenzura no kugenzura
1.. Kwitondera indwara zabura zandi
Indwara zirashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri ukurikije pathogens zitandukanye: indwara zidahera n'indwara zandura. Indwara zidapfushije zibaho kubera ibyatsi byombi n'ibidukikije. Nko guhitamo ibyatsi byo guhitamo ibyatsi, kubura intungamubiri zikenewe mugutezimbere nyakatsi mu butaka, ubusumbane bwibintu byumubiri, ubutaka bwumutse cyane, nibindi byurugero ntabwo bwanduza. Indwara zanduza ziterwa na fungi, bagiteri, virusi, nematide, nibindi byinshi bikenewe kugirango habeho pathogenity, kandi ifite ubutaka bukwiye.
2. Uburyo bwo gukumira no kugenzura nuburyo bukurikira:
(1) Kuraho amasoko yambere yanduye. Ubutaka, imbuto, ingemwe, ibimera birwaye mu murima, ibihingwa by'ibihingwa birwaye ndetse n'ifumbire idahwitse n'ahantu hatagira hantu hashobora kwandikisha ubutaka bwinshi bwo hejuru no kurenga. Kubwibyo, kwanduza ubutaka (kwanduza bisanzwe bikoreshwa, ni ukuvuga fordin: amazi = 1:40, ubutaka bwa metero kare 10-15 cyangwa fagitire ya 1-15 20-25 litiro / metero kare), Kuvura imbuto (harimo no guhungabana no kwanduza karantimetero; shyira ahagaragara uburyo bwo kwanduza muri 1% -2% byahinduwe mu minota 20-60, fata Nyuma yo gukurura, gukaraba, byumye kandi ubiba.) Kandi ukure mugihe cyibisigazwa birwaye nibindi bipimo byo kugenzura.
. (3) Kugenzura imiti: gutera imiti yica udukoko. Mu bice rusange, bitera umubare ukwiye wo kuvanga Bordeaux rimwe mu masoko akiri kare mbere y'amategeko atandukanye yometse, ni ukuvuga, mbere yuko ibyatsi by'amazi bikaba birwaye, hanyuma bigatera inshuro imwe mu byumweru 2, kandi biga inshuro 3-4 mu izungura . Ibi birashobora kubuza ibibaho bitandukanye byindwara zidasanzwe cyangwa bagiteri. Ubwoko butandukanye bwindwara busaba imiti yica udukoko. Ariko, kwitabwaho bigomba kwishyurwa kwibanda ku myifatire yica udukoko, igihe n'umubare wo gutera, hamwe nubuhinzi. Mubisanzwe, ingaruka ziterwa nibyiza mugihe amababi ya nyakatsi abuma yumye. Umubare wo gutera ahanini nuburebure bwingaruka zisigaye zumuti wica udukoko, muri rusange rimwe muminsi 7-10, hamwe na 2-5 hamwe na sprays 2-5 irahagije. Ongera gutera imbere bigomba gukorwa nyuma yimvura. Byongeye kandi, imiti yica udukoko dutandukanye igomba kuvangwa cyangwa gukoreshwa muburyo bushoboka kugirango twirinde kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge.
五. Kugenzura udukoko
1.. Impamvu nyamukuru zitera nyakatsi y'ibyatsi byangiritse: Ubutaka ntibwafashwe kubera udukoko mbereUbwubatsi bwanditse(guhinga byimbitse no kumisha ubutaka, gucukura ubutaka gufata udukoko, kwanduza ubutaka, nibindi); Ifumbire ya kama kama ntizari ibozwa; Kwirinda hakiri kare no kugenzura ntibyari ku gihe cyangwa uwaciye bugufi bwakoreshejwe nabi cyangwa adakora neza, nibindi
2. Igenzura ryinshi ryubwoko bwa nyakatsi
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. Kurugero, mikorobe nziza ya pathigenic kugirango igenzure grubs ahanini ni Green Muscardine, kandi ingaruka zigenzura ni 90%.
. Mubisanzwe, kuhira bigomba gukorwa vuba bishoboka nyuma yo gusaba gutanyagura ibiyobyabwenge kandi birinda igihombo kubera amafoto yatanzwe no guhiga; Gutera akenshi bikoreshwa muburyo bwo hejuru. Ariko, kubera udukoko twinshi, nka inyenzi, kuhira nyuma yo gusaba bigomba gukorwa byibuze amasaha 24-72 nyuma yo gusaba. Uburyo busanzwe buvanga n'imiti yica udukoko, uburozi bwo gufata cyangwa gutera.
Ingamba zavuzwe haruguru zirashobora kuba bihagije kubamwubatsi usanzwe. Niba itara ricungwa neza, irwanya iziyongera cyane.
Igihe cyohereza: Ukuboza-02-2024