1. Ingeso z'ibyatsi byo mu gihe cy'ubukonje
Ubwatsi bwo mu gihe cy'ubukonje bukunda ikirere gikonje kandi butinya ubushyuhe. Bukura vuba mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'umuhindo kandi bugahagarara mu mpeshyi. Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze hejuru ya dogere 5°C mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi, igice cyo hejuru y'ubutaka gishobora gukura. Ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukura kw'imizi ni dogere 10-18°C, naho ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukura kw'ibishishwa n'amababi ni dogere 10-25°C; imizi ihagarika gukura iyo ubushyuhe bugeze kuri dogere 25°C. Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze kuri dogere 32°C, igice cyo hejuru y'ubutaka kireka gukura. Gukura kw'ibyatsi byo mu gihe cy'ubukonje bisaba amazi menshi n'ifumbire, kandi ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibimera bukunda urumuri kuruta igicucu.
2. Guhitamo ubwoko bw'ibyatsi byo mu gihe cy'ubukonje
Guhitamo ubwoko bw'ibyatsi byo mu gihe cy'ubukonje bikurikiza ihame ry'"ubutaka bukwiye n'ubwatsi bukwiye". Gutera ibimera bivanze hagati y'ubwoko cyangwa ubwoko bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo guhuza n'ubusitani. Ubwatsi bw'ubururu bwo mu gasozi ni icyatsi kibisi kandi bufite amababi magufi. Gutera ibimera bivanze by'ubwoko butatu cyangwa burenze bishobora gukoraubusitani bwiza cyane. Ariko, ibisabwa ku mazi n'ifumbire ni byinshi. Ubudahangarwa bw'indwara n'ubushyuhe mu mpeshyi muri rusange ntabwo ari bwiza nk'ubwa fescue ndende; agaciro k'imitako y'ubwoko bushya bwa fescue ndende karazamutse, ariko iracyari mbi ugereranije n'ubwatsi bw'ibimera. Gutera ubwoko butatu cyangwa burenga bizatuma ubwatsi burwanya amapfa, burwanya ubushyuhe kandi burwanya indwara, kandi ibisabwa ku mazi n'ifumbire nabyo biri hasi ugereranije n'ubwa mbere. Fescue itukura yihanganira igicucu kandi ntirinda ubushyuhe, bityo ishobora kuvangwa neza ahantu hakonje kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira igicucu cy'ubwatsi; bluegrass ifite amashami mabi ni yo yihanganira igicucu kurusha ubundi bwoko bwose bw'ibyatsi, ariko ntikura neza ahantu hari urumuri kandi ikwiriye ahantu hakonje. Ingano y'ubwoko bwose bw'ibyatsi igomba kurenga ingano y'ibyatsi byasabwe kubiba, bluegrass yo mu gasozi 6-15g/m2, fescue ndende 25-40g/m2. Kugira ngo ubone umusaruro wihuse, kongera ingano y'ibyatsi ntabwo ari byiza ku gukura kw'ubwatsi.
3. Ibisabwa kuhira ubwatsi bwo mu gihe cy'ubukonje
Ibyatsi byo mu gihe cy'ubukonje bikunda amazi ariko bitinya ko amazi ashobora kuzura. Mu rwego rwo kwemeza ko amazi ahagije, ingano yo kuhira igomba guhindurwa bitewe n'igihe n'ubushyuhe, kandi ni ngombwa cyane gutegura ubutaka neza. Iyo ibyatsi bihindutse icyatsi mu mpeshyi, hira kare kandi neza kugira ngo ubwatsi buhinduke ubwatsi; siga amazi kugira ngo akonje mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi mu mpeshyi, wirinde ko amazi yiyongera nyuma y'imvura, kandi uhira iyo amazi aguye kandi yumye neza, kandi wirinde kuhira nimugoroba; ongera igihe cyo kuhira mu gihe cy'umuhindo kugeza mu ntangiriro z'itumba.
4. Gutema ibyatsi byo mu gihe cy'ubukonje
Uburebure bw'ibishishwa bugomba kuba burebure cyangwa bungana n'uburebure bw'ibyatsi bitandukanye. Ibyatsi byo hambere ni cm 1-2.5, fescue ndende ni cm 2-4.5, kandi uburebure bw'ibishishwa bwongerwaho cm 0.5 ahantu hacucumye; uburebure bw'ibishishwa mu cyatsi mu mpeshyi bwongerwaho cm 1. Ingano y'ibishishwa mu cyatsi icyarimwe ntigomba kurenza kimwe cya gatatu cy'uburebure bw'icyatsi. Urugero, uburebure bw'ibishishwa ni cm 8, naho uburebure bw'ibyatsi bugera kuri cm 12. Iyo ibishishwa birenga kimwe cya gatatu by'uburebure bw'ibyatsi biciwe icyarimwe, bizatera kwangirika gutandukanye ku cyatsi, kandi ubwatsi buzagenda bugabanuka buhoro buhoro.
5. Gufumbira ubwatsi bw'ibihuru mu gihe cy'ubukonje
Bitewe n'ikura ryihuse no gukata kenshi, ubwatsi bw'igihe cy'ubukonje bugomba gushyirwa hejuru inshuro nyinshi mu mwaka. Shyira ifumbire nibura kabiri mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'impeshyi, hanyuma wongere umubare w'ifumbire mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'impeshyi ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze; muri rusange nta fumbire ikoreshwa mu mpeshyi, kandi ifumbire irekura buhoro buhoro (ifumbire mvaruganda cyangwa ifumbire y'imiti) ishobora gukoreshwa mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi niba bibaye ngombwa; uretse ifumbire ya azote, fosifore na potasiyumu ikoreshwa mu mpeshyi ya mbere no mu gihe cy'impeshyi ya nyuma, ifumbire ya azote igomba gukoreshwa; mu mpeshyi, ntugashyire ifumbire ya azote inshuro nyinshi bitewe n'intege nke z'ubwatsi kugira ngo wirinde indwara. Ifumbire ya potasiyumu ishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubwatsi, kandi ifumbire ya potasiyumu ishobora kongerwamo igihe cyose ifumbire ya azote ikoreshejwe. Intungamubiri zirekura buhoro buhoro zikomeza guha ubwatsi gukura neza, mu gihe zigabanya umubare w'ifumbire kandi zigatuma akazi kagabanuka. Gufumbira bigomba gukorwa hakoreshejwe imashini zihariye zo gufumbira, zishobora gutuma ifumbire ikoreshwa neza kandi ingana.
6. Gukuraho ibyatsi bibi
Mbere yuko ubwatsi buterwa, koresha umuti wica (urinda ibidukikije) kugira ngo urandure burundu ibyatsi bibi mu butaka, bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyatsi bibi mu bwatsi mu gihe cya mbere.
7. Udukoko n'indwara by'ibyatsi byo mu gihe cy'ubukonje
Gukumira no kurwanya indwara zo mu gasozi bigomba gukurikiza ihame rya "kubanza kwirinda, gukumira no kurwanya burundu". Ubwa mbere, bigomba kubungabungwa hakurikijwe ingamba zikwiye zo kubungabunga, hanyuma bigahuzwa n'imiti yica udukoko mu rwego rwo kuyikumira no kuyikumira. Mu mpeshyi, indwara zo mu gasozi zirakunze kugaragara kandi zikangiza cyane. Ushobora gutera imiti yica udukoko kugira ngo uyirinde mbere yuko iba. Ni ukuvuga gutera imiti yica udukoko muri Mata, Gicurasi na Kamena. Mu mpeshyi, ubwatsi bukura buhoro buhoro, kandi kubaho kw'indwara akenshi ntibyitabwaho. Ifumbire mvaruganda ikoreshwa aho gukoresha imiti yica udukoko, ibyo bikazongera ikwirakwira ry'indwara zimwe na zimwe. Ugomba gutandukanya ikibazo no kugikemura neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-21-2024