Inama y'ingenzi: Gutanga amazi make byagiye biba imbogamizi mu iterambere ry'ubusitani bwo mu mijyi. Gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo kuhira ubusitani mu buryo bworohereza amazi ni ikibazo gikomeye abakozi bo muri iki gihe bakora mu busitani. Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi cya Grassland muri Kaminuza y’Ubuhinzi y’Ubushinwa bakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kurengera amazi mu mijyi, uhereye ku buryo bwo guhitamo ubwoko bw’ubusitani burwanya amapfa, kumenya ingano y’ubukonje bwo kuhira ubusitani, guhitamo uburyo bwo kuhira bukoresha amazi mu buryo bworohereza amazi, no kuhira ubusitani mu buryo bworohereza amazi.
Amazi make yagiye aba imbogamizi buhoro buhoro, abangamira iterambere ry’ubusitani bwo mu mijyi. Gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo kuhira ubusitani mu buryo bworohereza amazi ni ikibazo gikomeye abakozi bakora ubu mu busitani bahura nacyo. Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi cya Grassland cyakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kurengera amazi mu mijyi, uhereye ku buryo bwo guhitamo ubwoko bw’ubusitani burwanya amapfa, kumenya ingano y’ubukonje bwo kuhira ubusitani, guhitamo uburyo bwo kuhira bukoresha amazi mu buryo bworohereza amazi, no kuhira ubusitani mu buryo bworohereza amazi.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo korora ubwatsi bw’icyatsi, ikoreshwa ry’uburyo bwa siyansi bwo kuhira no guteza imbere umutungo kamere w’amazi ashobora kongera gukoreshwa bishobora kugabanya cyane gusesagura umutungo kamere w’amazi mu bwatsi. Ubutaka ntibukoresha amazi menshi nkuko bamwe babivuga.
Ubwoko bw'imbuto zihanganira amapfa
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubwatsi bw'ibimera n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubwoko bumwe bukenera amazi atandukanye, bityo gukoresha ubwoko bw'ubwatsi bw'ibimera buzigama amazi ni ingenzi cyane mu kuzigama amazi mu bwatsi.
Mu korora ubwoko bw’imbuto zihanganira amapfa, uretse gukoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo korora, ikoranabuhanga rya bio rishobora no gukoreshwa mu kwinjiza imiterere y’imbuto zirwanya amapfa mu butaka bw’inyamaswa kugira ngo haboneke ubwoko bushya bw’imbuto zirwanya amapfa. Bivugwa ko imiterere y’imbuto zihindura imiterere y’ibinyabuzima ifite imiterere y’imbuto zirwanya amapfa ishobora kuzigama kimwe cya kabiri cy’amazi ugereranije n’uburyoubwatsi busanzwe; iyo itewe ahantu hanini, ishobora kuzigama 20% kugeza kuri 30% by'amazi yo kuhira.
Gucunga amazi neza no kuhira mu buryo bwa siyansi
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi mu kuhira ubwatsi mu buryo bworohereza amazi ni ukumenya ingano y’ubushyuhe mu buryo buciriritse. Ingano y’ubushyuhe mu buryo buciriritse ni ingano ntoya yo kuhira kugira ngo ibyatsi byo mu gasozi bikure neza. Ni ngombwa kubungabunga uburinganire bw’amazi mu rusobe rw’ubwatsi no kwirinda imyanda y’amazi iterwa no kuhira cyane. Kuhira ubwatsi bigomba kureka imyumvire mibi ivuga ko ari byiza kugira byinshi kuruta kubura, no kuhira ubwatsi mu buryo bwa siyansi ku moko atandukanye y’ubwatsi.
Ingano y'amazi mu busitani ntigira ingaruka gusa ku miterere y'ubusitani ubwayo, ahubwo inaterwa n'ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibidukikije, harimo urwego rwo kubungabunga no gucunga, ubushuhe bw'ubutaka, imiterere y'ubutaka n'uburumbuke bw'ubutaka. Igipimo gitandukanye cy'imbuto n'uburebure bw'ibishyimbo bizatera itandukaniro rikomeye mu bisabwa ku mazi mu busitani.
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gufumbira azote, fosifore na potasiyumu butuma habaho ingano zitandukanye zo gukata ubwatsi, kandi hari isano ikomeye hagati y'itandukaniro mu ngano yo gukata ubwatsi n'amazi akenerwa mu bwatsi. Ubwatsi bufite ifumbire mvaruganda vuba bukenera amazi menshi kurusha ubwatsi bufite ifumbire mvaruganda buhoro buhoro. Ukurikije uburyo bwo kubungabunga amazi, ingano y'ifumbire mvaruganda vuba igomba kugabanuka mu micungire nyayo.
Uburyo bwo kuhira ni ingenzi cyane mu kubungabunga amazi yo mu byatsi. Uburyo bwo kuhira busanzwe buvamo imyuzure butuma habaho kuhira kutaringaniye no kwangiza ibintu bikomeye. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n'ibura ry'amazi, imishinga yo kuhira ikoresha amazi menshi yateye imbere cyane. Kuri ubu, uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuhira bukoresha amazi menshi burimo kuhira imiyoboro y'amazi, kuhira hakoreshejwe imiyoboro, kuhira hakoreshejwe imiyoboro mito no kuhira amazi mu mazi.
Imyitozo yagaragaje ko kuhira mu buryo buciriritse no kuhira amazi ari byo byiza cyane ku bihingwa byo mu mirima bifite imirongo n'amashami. Ku busitani bufite ubuso bunini, ibimera byinshi, ndetse no gukwirakwiza, ubu buryo bubiri bwo kuhira ntibuhendutse kandi ntibugira ingaruka nziza. Kubwibyo, kuhira mu busitani bwo mu mijyi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuhira bukoresha uburyo bwo kuhira bukoresha imiyoboro.
Igice cy'ingenzi cy'uburyo bwo kuhira imiyoboro ni umutwe w'imiyoboro. Imiyoboro ishobora kugabanywamo imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko muto, umuvuduko uringaniye n'umuvuduko mwinshi bitewe n'umuvuduko wayo ukoreshwa. Imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko muto muri rusange itoranywa mu kuhira ibyatsi. Ubusitani buto cyangwa imirongo miremire y'ubwatsi ishobora gukoresha imiyoboro mito ikoreshwa mu gihe gito; ubusitani bunini nka sitade n'ubusitani bw'ikibuga cya golf bushobora gukoresha imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko uringaniye.
Imiterere y'imitwe y'imisumeno igomba kuba ikwiye kugira ngo ubuso bwo kuhira butwikiriwe n'imisumeno bube buringaniye. Sisitemu yo kuhira imisumeno igomba kandi guhitamo ibikoresho bikoresha ingufu zijyanye n'umuvuduko w'amazi bitewe n'imiterere y'umuvuduko w'amazi, kugira ngo imisumeno ikoreshe imisumeno ibashe kugera ku ngaruka nziza.
Kuhira ubusitani bwawe amazi yasubiwemo
Imyanda yasubiwemo igakoreshwa yitwa amazi yasubiwemo, agabanyijemo amazi ya mbere yavuwe, amazi ya kabiri yavuwe n'amazi ya gatatu yavuwe hakurikijwe uburyo ikoreshwa. Muri iki gihe, kuhira ubwatsi bwinshi bikoresha amazi yo mu mazi cyangwa amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka.
Ku ruhande rumwe, kuhira ibyatsi birimo kongera umutwaro ku miyoboro y'amazi mu mijyi, naho ku rundi ruhande, imyanda yo mu ngo zo mu mijyi ntiyakoreshejwe neza. Ikinyamakuru "China Environmental Status Bulletin" cyasohotse n'ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cya Leta kigaragaza ko amazi yanduye yose yavuye mu gihugu hose mu 2003 yari toni miliyari 46, bigaragaza ko hari amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere.
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko mu by’ukuri bishoboka kuhira ubwatsi n’amazi yavuwe kabiri, ariko byagaragaye ko imizi y’ibyatsi bya turf yagaragaje ibimenyetso bitandukanye byo guhinduka umukara. Ibi bishobora guterwa n’uko hari ibintu byinshi bikomeye bimanitse mu mazi yavuwe kabiri kandi umunyu mwinshi mu butaka ufunga imyenge y’ubutaka, bigatera ingaruka kuUbutaka bushobora kuvomererabitera stress ku miterere y'ibinyabuzima ku bimera byo mu gasozi.
Ugereranyije n'amazi yavuwe kabiri, gukoresha amazi yavuwe gatatu ni byiza cyane. Muri rusange bikekwa ko amazi yavuwe gatatu ashobora gukoreshwa ahantu hose uretse kunyobwa, harimo no korora amafi, gukaraba, pisine, kuhira, n'ibindi. Nubwo ikiguzi cyo gukoresha amazi yavuwe gatatu mu kuhira kiri hejuru, hari uburyo bwo gusimbuza buhoro buhoro amazi yavuwe kabiri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-12-2024