Nyuma y'igihe kirekire cyo gutera, ubwatsi bumwe na bumwe burahinduka icyatsi kibisi mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi bugahinduka umuhondo. Hari n'imirima ishobora kwangirika igapfa, bigira ingaruka ku mitako. Uburyo bwo kumenya Ikwirakwira ry'umuhondo mu murima muri rusange ni
Nyuma y'igihe kirekire cyo gutera, ubwatsi bumwe na bumwe burahinduka icyatsi kibisi mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi bugahinduka umuhondo. Hari n'imirima ishobora kwangirika igapfa, ibyo bigatera ingaruka ku mitako.
Uburyo bwo kumenya
Ubusanzwe umuhondo w’umubiri ukwirakwira mu duce tw’umurima, ariko rimwe na rimwe ugaragara mu gace runaka. Umuhondo w’umubiri ntukwirakwira kandi ushobora gupimwa binyuze mu gukingira. Nta mikorobe iboneka mu bice by’umuhondo, kandi ibara ni rimwe.
Impamvu n'uburyo bwo kuzirinda
Kubura intungamubiri
Mu gihe cy’izuba ryinshi, ubwatsi bw’ubukonje bukabije mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy’umuhindo, bitewe n’ikirere cy’umuhengeri mu majyaruguru, imvura nke, n’ubutaka budakora neza, imyuka y’ibanze iguma mu butaka ku bwinshi, kandi na karubone y’icyuma ishongeshwa na alkali nayo iraboneka mu butaka, kandi ifumbire ikunze kubura. Impamvu ituma ubwatsi bw’umuhondo, cyane cyane umuhondo uterwa no kubura icyuma, ikwiye kwitabwaho. Uburyo bwo gukumira no kurwanya ni ubu bukurikira:
Komeza kubungabunga no gucunga, shyira ifumbire mvaruganda imwe cyangwa ifumbire y’ibinyabutabire byinshi buri gihe, kandi uhite uvomerera neza nyuma yo gufumbira kugira ngo ifumbire ibashe kwinjira mu mizi no kwinjira neza mu mizi kugira ngo hirindwe umuhondo uterwa no kubura intungamubiri.
Ku bwatsi bw'ibimera bugaragaza ibimenyetso byo kubura, ifumbire mvaruganda ikora vuba ishobora gushyirwa ku mababi hakurikijwe ibimenyetso byo kubura kugira ngo yongere ubwiza bw'ubwatsi, ariko ubunini ntibugomba kuba bwinshi cyane.
Urumuri ruto
Bitewe n’ingamba zitari nziza zo kubungabunga ubwatsi, ubwatsi bwo mu gasozi bukura burebure cyane, bigatuma umwuka mubi uhumeka nabi ndetse n’urumuri rukwirakwira mu gice cyo hasi. Nyuma yo gutema, ubwatsi bwo mu gasozi buhinduka umuhondo bitewe n’urumuri rudahagije bishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kongera imicungire. Uburyo bwo gukumira no kurwanya ubwatsi ni ubu bukurikira:
Kosora ubwatsi buri gihe, usukure ibikoresho bitwikiriye munsi y'ubwatsi, kandi wongere ibidukikije bikuramo.
Ikirere gikwiriye mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'umuhindo, kandi ibyatsi byo mu gasozi bikura cyane. Kugira ngo ubugari bw'ubwatsi bukomeze kuba bwiza, inshuro zo gutema ubwatsi ni rimwe mu cyumweru, kandi uburebure bw'ibyatsi bushobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibyatsi. Muri rusange, ubwatsi bw'umwaka ni cm 3 kugeza kuri 4, fescue ndende ni cm 5 kugeza kuri 6, bentgrass ni cm 1 kugeza kuri 2, naho ryegrass ni cm 3 kugeza kuri 4.
Mu gihe cy'izuba ryinshi, ubwatsi bw'igihe cy'ubukonje bugira imiterere idakora. Muri iki gihe, ubwatsi bukura buhoro buhoro, umubare w'ibiti bicibwa ugomba kugabanuka, kandiinshuro zo gutemabigomba kuba rimwe mu byumweru 2 kugeza kuri 3. Uburebure bw'ibishishwa bugomba kongerwaho kugira ngo ubwatsi bwo mu gasozi burusheho guhangana n'ibidukikije bibi.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi, amapfa, n'imvura nke
Ubushyuhe bwinshi, amapfa, n'imvura nke ni byo biranga ikirere cy'Amajyaruguru y'Ubushinwa mu myaka ya vuba aha. Ibyatsi byo mu gihe cy'ubukonje bikunda ifumbire n'amazi byongereye umwuka wo guhumeka no kwihutisha amazi bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Iyo amazi adasubiwemo ku gihe, biroroshye ko habaho umuhondo uterwa n'amapfa, bigatera ingaruka ku bwiza bw'ubwatsi. Uburyo bwo gukumira no kurwanya ni ubu bukurikira:
Kuhira ku gihe. Nyuma y'imvura, amazi yinjira mu butaka. Nyuma yo guhumeka mu mababi y'ubwatsi, amazi agahinduka umwuka, amazi agasohoka mu butaka, amazi akenewe kugira ngo ubwatsi bukure neza ntahagije mu gihe cy'umuhengeri, bigatuma ubwatsi buhinduka umuhondo cyangwa bugapfa. Kuhira ku gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo imizi y'ubwatsi irusheho gukenera amazi. Kuhira ni ngombwa kugira ngo ubwatsi bukure neza. Mu mpeshyi ishyushye, kuhira bishobora guhindura ikirere, kugabanya ubushyuhe, gukumira ubushyuhe, no kongera imbaraga hagati y'ubwatsi n'ibyatsi bibi.
Uburyo bwo kumenya igihe cyo kuhira ubwatsi ni ukugenzura ubutaka ukoresheje icyuma cyangwa imashini icukura ubutaka. Niba ubutaka buri ku buso bwo hasi bw'imizi ya cm 10 kugeza kuri 15 bwumye, bugomba kuvomerwa. Kuhira hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuhira birushaho kuba bimwe. Kubera ko imizi y'ubwatsi ikwirakwizwa cyane cyane mu butaka buri hejuru ya cm 15 z'ubujyakuzimu, ni byiza ko ubutaka butose kugeza kuri cm 10 kugeza kuri 15 nyuma ya buri gihe cyo kuhira.
Amazi akonje agomba gusukwa mbere y'uko igihe cy'itumba kigera, naho amazi y'icyatsi kibisi agasukwa mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi kugira ngo ubusitani buhinduke icyatsi kare.
Gukaranga urwego rw'ibyatsi byapfuye, urwego rw'ibyatsi byapfuye rubangamira guhumeka no kwinjiza urumuri rw'izuba rw'ibyatsi byo mu gasozi, bigira ingaruka ku bushyuhe bwa fotosite, kandi bigatanga umwanya wo kororoka no gukuraho udukoko twa bagiteri n'udukoko mu gihe cy'itumba, bigatera indwara n'udukoko. Gukaranga bishobora gukorwa rimwe mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi no mu mpera z'umuhindo. Gukoresha imashini ikata ibyatsi cyangwa intoki kugira ngo ukureho ibyatsi byapfuye ni byiza ko ubwatsi buhinduka ubwatsi ku gihe no kugarura icyatsi kibisi.
Gukoresha urea Uretse amazi, umwuka n'izuba, gukura kw'ubwatsi bisaba intungamubiri zihagije. Gufumbira neza bishobora gutanga intungamubiri zikenewe ku bimera byo mu gasozi. Ifumbire ya azote ikora vuba ishobora gutera imbaraga amashami n'amababi y'ibimera byo mu gasozi no kongera icyatsi kibisi. Urea ifite azote nyinshi mu ifumbire. Mu bihe byashize, urea yakoreshwaga n'intoki mbere y'igihe cy'imvura. Imyitozo yagaragaje ko ubu buryo butera ibara ry'umuhondo n'icyatsi kibisi ritari ryiza kandi byoroshye kwandura indwara. Muri uyu mwaka, urea ishongeshwa n'amazi ashyushye ava ku isoko mbere, hanyuma igaterwa n'imodoka itwara amazi, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka nziza.
Uretse ifumbire ya azote, ifumbire ya fosifore na potasiyumu nayo igomba gushyirwaho kugira ngo ubwatsi burusheho gukomera. Igihe cyo gufumbira ni mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi, mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'umuhindo. Ifumbire ya azote ishyirwa mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi no mu mpera z'umuhindo, naho ifumbire ya fosifore ishyirwa mu mpeshyi.
Uruhushya rwo gushyiramo umwuka mu byatsi
Ubwatsi bumaze imyaka myinshi bukura, ubuso bwabwo burakomera bitewe no kuzunguruka, kuvomera no gukandagira. Muri icyo gihe, bitewe no kwirundanya kw'ibyatsi byapfuye, ubwatsi bwo mu cyatsi bubura umwuka wa ogisijeni cyane, imbaraga zabwo ziragabanuka, kandi ubwatsi buhinduka umuhondo. Guhumeka ni uburyo bwo guhumeka mu cyatsi.
Gushyira umwuka mu butaka bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu butaka, koroshya kwinjira kw'amazi n'ifumbire, kugabanya ubukana bw'ubutaka, gutera imbaraga imizi y'ubwatsi, no kugenzura uko ubwatsi bwapfuye bumera. Gushyira umwuka mu butaka ntibigomba gukorwa iyo ubutaka bwumye cyane cyangwa butose cyane. Gushyira umwuka mu kirere mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe n'izuba bishobora gutuma imizi yumuka. Igihe cyiza cyo gushyira umwuka mu butaka ni igihe ubwatsi bukura cyane, bufite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu, kandi buri mu mimerere myiza y'ibidukikije. Kuhira bigomba gukorwa nyumaumwuka wo mu busitani, kandi ifumbire nayo igomba gushyirwaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 14 Ukwakira 2024