Nkigice cyingenzi cyamasomo ya golf, icyatsi gifite ibisabwa bikomeye kubimera bya turf. Niba icyatsi kibisi cyatewe neza cyangwa kidafitanye isano itaziguye niba ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byiza byabakinnyi ningorabahizi yo kubungabunga icyatsi kibisi no gucunga neza. Kubwibyo, ishyirwaho ryiza no kubungabunga GushyiraIcyatsi kibisini ngombwa cyane. Intambwe zo kubaka zasobanuwe hepfo:
一. Imyiteguro yo kuryama
Nyuma yo kunyerera neza icyatsi kirangiye, imvange yimizi ivanze, kandi imirimo yo kunoza ubutaka yararangiye mugihe cyo gutegura uruvange rwumuzi. Kubwibyo, nta mushinga wo kubaka uburiri mugihe cyo gushiraho icyatsi kibisi. Gutegura uburiri kibisi bisaba guhindura agaciro k'ubutaka, kwanduza uburiri, gushyira ifumbire shingiro, no koroshya hejuru yicyatsi.
1.Guhindura agaciro p ph yubutaka mu buriri bubiri: Ibikorwa byinshi bya PH bigomba kurangira mbere yo gutera. Guhindura ibikoresho bigomba kuvangwa byibuze mugice cyo hejuru cyumuzi 10 kugeza 15Cm wimbitse. Ubuzima bwubuhinzi bukunze gukoreshwa nubutaka bwa aside. Guhindura ibice byiza bifasha reaction yayo yihuta. Marble ikoreshwa mu butaka bwa aside irimo icyuma na magnesium. Sulfuru muri rusange ikoreshwa kubutaka bwa alkaline. Umubare wa hamwe wakoreshejwe ushingiye kubyavuye mukizamini cyubusa. Dufate ko imizi ivanze ni imwe kandi ivanze neza, igipimo gikoreshwa mubigereki byose bigomba kuba bimwe. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko ibikoresho bisabwa bishobora kuvangwa nyuma yivanga ryumuzi zishyizwe kurubuga, cyangwa zirashobora kongerwaho mugihe imizi yimizi ivanze. Uburyo bwa nyuma butuma ibikoresho byose bivanze byimazeyo mumizi kuvanga imizi kugirango uhindure PH, ariko birashoboka gushyira mubikorwa ibintu byinshi.
2. Gutunganya uburiri bwo kudusindagura: uburyo bwo kwanduza uburiri ni inzira yo kuvura imiti yicyatsi kibisi kugirango wice imbuto zatsi, bagiteri ya patteri, ya bagiteri, ibinyabuzima bitandukanye mubutaka. Kujugunya nuburyo bwiza bwo kwanduza ubutaka. Bikunze gukoreshwa birimo methyl bromide, chloride, methyl bromide, nibindi birabiba birashobora gukorwa nyuma yiminsi 2 kugeza 5 nyuma yo kugutera. Niba uburiri bwicyatsi bugomba kwanduzwa biterwa nibihe byihariye. Mubisanzwe, igomba gukorwa mubihe bikurikira: ① Uturere twibasiwe na Netode-turere twinshi two uturere tudashidikanywaho tuvanze mumuzi.
3. Koresha ifumbire shingiro: Hafi yicyatsi kibisi rwose igomba gukoresha ingano runaka yifumbire mbere yo gutera. Ubwoko bw'ifumbire shingiro hamwe nubucuruzi bukenewe bugomba kugenwa hashingiwe kubisabwa bitandukanye nibisubizo byibizamini byubukungu bwubutaka. P na K Ifumbire ni ifumbire ebyiri nyamukuru muri ifumbire shingiro. Niba umuzi umuzi ari umucanga, akenshi ubura ibintu bikurikira.
Ifumbire shingiro zigomba gukoreshwa murwego rwumuzi 10 kugeza 15cm ndende hejuru, kandi zivanze n'umuzi uruvange rwumuzi. Rimwe na rimwe, shingiro irakoreshwa mugihe imvange yumuzi ivanze.
Uburiri bwiza kandi bworoshye kandi bworoshye: Nyuma yifumbire shingiro irakoreshwa, ubuso bwicyatsi bugomba kuba cyiza cyane kugirango akore uburiri butunganijwe neza hamwe nubwiza bwa granular kandi nta cicer. Kwitaho byihariye bigomba gufatwa mugihe uringaniye uburiri bwo kurinda buri gice gito cyatsinzwe na place yateguwe nuwashizeho, kubuza imiterere yubuso, kandi bikora uburyo bwo gufunga uburiri bworoheje, neza ndetse no.
二. Gutera
Hariho uburyo bubiri bwibanze bwo kubaka icyatsi cyamasomo mashya ya golf: Gukwirakwiza imbuto nibikorwa byurubingo, bikwirakwizwa ku buryo bwibimera bishobora kugabanywamo uburyo bune: Gukwirakwiza, Gutera no Gutera no Gutera Stem Uburyo bwombi burashobora gukoreshwa mubyifuzo, ariko byahinduwe (paradizo) bermudagrames birashobora gutwikirwa gusa. Bentgrass Gress ishingiye ahanini mu mbuto. Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko bahendutse kandi byoroshye. Uburiri ni byiza kandi mugihe icyatsi kigomba kongera kubakwa vuba kugirango hashobore gukoreshwa, ariko ibinini byakoreshejwe bigomba guhingwa kubutaka busa nicyatsi kibisi.
Gutera bigomba gutangirwa nyuma yumuzi mushya watuye. Koresha ingufu zo guhuza uburiri. Niba aribiba imbuto cyangwa gutera imibiri y'ibimera, ingingo y'ingenzi mugihe cyo gushyira mubikorwa nukugabanya ubuso bukabije kandi bugakomeza ubuso bushoboka bishoboka. Noneho tuzagusobanurira mubice bibiri bitandukanye: ibihe byo gutera no gutera.
Igihe cyo gutera: Igihe cyo gutera nyacya nicyo kintu gikomeye cyane cyo gukora vuba ibyatsi kimwe. Indi mishinga ku masomo ya golf igomba guteza ibintu neza umushinga wo gutera umurambo kugirango igihingwa cya nyakatsi kirashobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye. Ikintu nyamukuru kigira ingaruka kumwanya wa nyacya ni imiterere yubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bwiza bwo kumera kumera kumera neza-igihe cyagenwe ni 15-28 ° C, n'ubushyuhe bwiza bwo kumera kumera cyane-igihe cy'imihango ni 21-35 ° C. Ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukura ni 25~35 ℃. Igihe cyiza cyo gutera icyuma gikonje-gihe uhereye igihe cyizuba kijya hakiri kare, kugirango ingemwe zifite umwanya uhagije wo gukura kandi utere imbere yimbeho. Igicucu Cyizahabu gishobora kandi guterwa kuva mu mpeshyi kare mu mpeshyi. Ariko, kubera ubushyuhe bwo hasi, iterambere ryibishyazi bishya biratinda, kandi amategeko akiri muto agomba kubona imihangayiko mibi y'ibidukikije mu gihe cyizuba. Ubukonje-Igihembwe muri rusange ntabwo cyatewe mu cyi. . Igihe cyiza cyo gushinga-igihe gishyushye kiva mu mpeshyi ikaze kugeza ku mpeshyi, zidatanga ubushyuhe bwiza cyane ku mbuto, ariko kandi ritanga igihe kirekire cyo gukura no guteza imbere ingemwe zikiri nto.
2. Uburyo bwo Gutera: Gukwirakwiza imbuto hamwe no kwamamaza ibiti nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane kubibanza byatsi kibisi mu masomo ya Golf. Ibishushanyo mbonera bya Bentgrass muri rusange byabibwe biturutse ku mbuto, mugihe bermudagess glons muri rusange bibereye kubiba. Uburyo bwo guhana no kwandika muri rusange kuvugurura icyatsi no gusimbuza imbeyi yapfuye ku gitsi, kugirango tugere ku ntego yo guhindura vuba icyatsi mumagorofa no kubishyira mubikorwa vuba bishoboka.
2.1 Kubika imbuto: Hariho tekiniki eshatu zo kwitondera iyo ubwisebe imbuto kubiheta: kubiba ubujyakuzimu, kubiba umwambaro no guhindura imbuto. Imbuto za creeping Bentgrass ni nto cyane kandi zisaba ubujyakuzimu buke, muri rusange 2 kugeza 5m. Kubiba byimbitse bizagabanya igipimo cy'imbuto; Niba kubiba ni ngombwa cyane kubikorwa byihuse kandi byuzuye ibyatsi bibisi. Kugirango ugaragaze kandi imbuto yimbuto, urashobora kugabana icyatsi mubice bito byinshi, ubiba ahantu hatandukanye, kandi ubiba mubyerekezo bibiri bya perpendicular. Niba imbuto zatewe byuzuye zizagira ingaruka ku mibembe n'imbuto no kurokoka ingemwe. Nyuma yo kubiba, koresha umuzingo uhagarika uburiri bukanda kugirango uhagarike hafi imbuto nubutaka. Mubisanzwe, umuzingo ufite uburemere bwa 0.5 ~ 0.8T birakwiriye. Byongeye kandi, mugihe cyo kubiba, kwitabwaho kugirango tugabanye umubare wabantu bagenda kumurinzi wicyatsi kugirango wirinde ibirenge bikabije ku buriri bwatsi.
Kubiba birashobora gukorwa intoki cyangwa muburyo bwa mashini. Iyo kubiba ukuboko, icyatsi kibisi kivanze n'imbuto birashobora kuvangwa neza muburyo runaka, hanyuma ukwirakwira mu ntoki. Kuvanga imbuto n'umucanga bizafasha gukwirakwiza imbuto. Imbuto ya mashini irashobora gukorerwa ukoresheje imbuto zisunika, abiba imbuto bafashe cyangwa abahinzi ba hydraulic. Gushyira imboshye akenshi byibatswe nimbuto. Mugihe cyo gukora, kwitabwaho bigomba kwishyurwa kumuvuduko umwe ugenda, kandi ubwinshi bwimbuto bwumukobwa agomba guhindurwa neza kugirango agere ku ntego yo no kwiba. Kugirango ugabanye ibirenge bisigaye ku buriri bwatsi,Ababisingiwe hydraulicrimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa mumbuto zatsi. Yaba kubiba imiyoboro cyangwa intoki kubiba, bigomba gukorwa ikirere kitagira umushyitsi, kandi hagomba kwitabwaho kugirango wirinde imbuto kubibwa hanze yicyatsi.
Kuhirika kuhira bigomba gukorerwa ako kanya nyuma yo kubiba. Nibyingenzi kugirango ubuso bwihishe mugihe cyo gutera kugirango wirinde imbuto zo gutuma no gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumera.
2.2 Stem hamwe nishami kubiba: Uburyo bwamaboko cyangwa ubukana burashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugubiba stolons n'amashami kucyatsi. Inzira gakondo yo gushinga icyatsi hamwe n'amashami ni aya akurikira:
Kata ibiti n'amashami mubiti bigufi 2 kugeza kuri 5 & 5 km;
Kumanyura kimwe cya kabiri cy'igiti n'amashami ku buriri bw'icyatsi;
③Use Umugezi wo Guhagarika Uruti n'ibice by'ishami kugira ngo bahurize neza n'igitanda neza;
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⑤ Koresha uruziga rwo kuzunguza amashami kugirango uhuze byuzuye nubutaka kandi ugire ubuso bwiza.
Mugihe ukoresheje ibibangitsi n'amashami yo kubaka amaterasi, hagomba kwitabwaho bidasanzwe kugirango ukomeze ibiti n'amashami bishya. Amashami n'amashami yose bigomba kubibwa mugihe cyiminsi 2 nyuma yo gusarura. Ubushyuhe bukwiye, ubushuhe no guhumeka bigomba kubungabungwa mugihe cyo kubika. Amashami ahinduka umuhondo kubera ubushyuhe kandi akama kubera gutakaza amazi agomba kunesha. Ntabwo ugomba gukoreshwa kugirango ubiba imbuto.
2.3 Kubiba (stem) Umubare: Kubiba Umubare wabwe ahanini biterwa nibintu nkimbuto itunganijwe, igipimo cyo kumera hamwe nuburemere bwimbuto. Mbere yo kubiba, ibipimo nkibipimo byimbuto n'imbaraga zimbuto bigomba kugeragezwa kugirango hamenyekane igipimo gikwiye. Igipimo cyimbuto gikwiye cyimbuto yicyatsi zigomba kuba nkibi ibihingwa bya nyakatsi bigera ku mazi 15.000 kugeza 25,000 kuri metero kare. Nta gipimo cyikizamini gikabije cyo kubiba igiti cyamashami n'amashami, kandi muri rusange bigenwa bishingiye kuburambe.
2.4 Gutera Turf: Gutera bisanzwe bikoreshwa gusa kubisubiramo byatsi no kwiyubaka. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa gake mugihe ibyatsi bibisi byatewe kunshuro yambere. Turf ikoreshwa mu kwishyiriraho igomba kuba igice kimwe cyibimera bigizwe nubwoko bwiza bwo kwamavururu kandi bafite ubwoko bwubutaka busa nubwoko bwubutaka butazaterwa. Turf yashyizwe ku gitsi muri rusange yaciwemo ibice 0.6m × 0.6m, n'ubunini bw'uruhu n'ubutaka ntibigomba kurenga 1.5cm. Ingingo zikurikira zigomba kwitondera mugihe cyo gutwika icyatsi kibisi: ① Iyo ushizeho turf, uruzitiro rwa turf, ruture hagati yumurongo nu murongo n'inkingi bigomba guhagarikwa kugirango birinde ibicerane kugirango habeho umurongo ugororotse. Witondere mugihe utwara ibice bya turf kugirango wirinde kurambura cyangwa no gukuramo turf. Witondere cyane kwemeza ko impande zombi zituruka kuri turf zifitanye isano rya hafi kandi zidafite akamaro, kandi ntishobora kuzungura. ④ Mugihe cyo gutera, imbaho zitiba zigomba gushyirwaho abantu bagenda kugirango birinde ibirenge bikabije ku buriri bwatsi.
Turf imaze gushyirwaho, ikwirakwiza umucanga no kuyishyira mubice bimwe na bimwe bifitanye isano nabi hamwe nukugira icyuho cyo gukora neza neza kandi neza. Noneho, guhagarika no kuhira. Kuvomera mugihe ni ngombwa cyane kugirango iterambere ryiza rya nyakatsi. Kuva ubu, buri cyumweru kimwe, ubutaka buto bugomba gukoreshwa mukarere. Ibikoresho byubutaka byakoreshejwe hejuru bigomba kuba bisa nubutaka bwo munda.
Igihe cyohereza: Jul-05-2024