Gusana ibyatsi - uburyo bwo kubaka ubusitani bwiza kandi bushimishije

1. Hitamo ubwoko bw'ibyatsi
Guhitamo ubwatsi bwiza ni intambwe ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi cyane kugira ngo imirima igire ubukonje. Niba uri mu majyaruguru, ushobora guhitamo ubwatsi bukonje (ubururu, fescue ndende, ryegrass, fescue itukura, bentgrass, nibindi); niba uri mu majyepfo, ushobora guhitamo ubwatsi bukonje (Cyperus dentata, Bahia grass, Zoysia japonica na Dianthus chinensis, nibindi). Uturere twa Jiangsu, Zhejiang na Shanghai aho duherereye ni uduce tw'inzibacyuho, kandi ubwatsi bukonje n'ubushyuhe bushobora kubakwa, ariko byombi bifite inenge zigaragara. Iri ni ihame rusange gusa, ntabwo ari itegeko rihoraho. Mu by'ukuri, hamwe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo korora muri iki gihe, ubwoko bwinshi bufite imiterere myiza. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bukonje n'ubukonje.ibyatsi byo mu gasoziifite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira amapfa n'ubushyuhe, bityo ni ibisanzwe kubona ubusitani bukura neza, bunini kandi bufite amabara menshi mu gihe cy'ubukonje mu majyepfo. Niba udakunda ubusitani bufite ibara rimwe, ongeramo clover y'ibishyimbo, clover y'umweru cyangwa indi mpande nyinshi z'indabyo zo mu gasozi, indabyo zabo nziza zizatuma ubusitani bwawe burushaho kuba bwiza.

II. Gutegura ubusitani bw'ubwatsi mbere yo kububakisha
1. Gusukura aho hantu Kuraho amabuye n'ibindi bisigazwa ku butaka (birenga cm 30) kugira ngo ubone ubusitani butoshye, buhumeka, burambuye kandi butose amazi bukwiriye kumera ubwatsi bw'ubwatsi. Niba hari ibisigazwa n'imizi yo munsi y'ubutaka y'ibimera bifite ibiti, bigomba gukurwaho. Kugira ngo hirindwe ko imizi isigaye yabora igahinduka ibihombo.

2. Gukuraho ibyatsi bibi Kugira ngo hubakwe ubusitani bwiza, ikibazo cy’ibyatsi bibi kigomba gukemurwa. Bitabaye ibyo, ibyatsi by’imyaka cyangwa ibyatsi bihoraho, ibimera, n’ibinyamisogwe na convolvulaceae bishobora kumera ubusitani bwiza mu mwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri. Ingamba z’ingenzi zo kwirinda no kurwanya: guca ibyatsi bibi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga (harimo gukata ubwatsi buri gihe, guca ibyatsi n’intoki, no guhinga mbere yo kubaka ubusitani) no guca ibyatsi bibi hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ubukana no guca ibintu mu butaka. Imiti ikoreshwa mu butaka ikunze gukoreshwa irimo imiti igabanya ubukana (2,4-D butyl, 2-methyltetrachloride, dicamba) n’imiti idatoranya (glyphosate, paraquat). Guca ibyatsi bibi mu butaka bishobora kwica intungamubiri z’ibyatsi bibi n’udukoko mu butaka. Imiti ikoreshwa mu butaka ikunze gukoreshwa irimo methyl bromide, chloropicrin, dazomethane, nibindi, kandi umutekano ugomba kwitabwaho mugihe ukoreshwa.

3. Hindura agaciro ka pH y'ubutaka. Muri rusange, ubutaka bufite pH ya 6-7 bukwiriye ibyatsi byinshi byo mu gasozi. Ni ngombwa guhindura agaciro ka pH (pH) y'ubutaka bufite aside nyinshi cyangwa bufite alkali nyinshi. Ingamba zo guhindura ni izi zikurikira: guhitamo ubwoko bw'ubwatsi bwo mu gasozi burwanya aside cyangwa alkali hanyuma ushyiremo sulfate y'umutsima kugira ngo ugabanye agaciro ka pH; ongeramo lime cyangwa superphosphate kugira ngo wongere agaciro ka pH.

4. Gufumbira. Ifumbire mvaruganda ikwiye kongerwamo ifumbire mvaruganda mu butaka bubi kugira ngo ubutaka burusheho kumera neza kandi bukomeze gukura neza. Ifumbire mvaruganda, ifumbire mvaruganda, n'amasaro byose ni ifumbire nziza y'umwimerere. Dukurikije aho uherereye, amase y'abantu, ifumbire mvaruganda, ibyondo by'amababi, n'izindi fumbire mvaruganda cyangwa ifumbire mvaruganda ya N, P, K nabyo bishobora gukoreshwa nk'ifumbire mvaruganda.

5. Guhinga no kuringaniza ubuhinzi mu buryo buninikubaka ubwatsimuri rusange ikoreshwa n'imashini nini. Ubusitani buto bukoreshwa n'intoki hakoreshejwe amasukari, ibyuma bito n'ibyuma bito. Dukurikije ibisabwa ku butaka, bugomba kugororwa mu buryo busanzwe. Ikibuga cya siporo kigomba kuzamurwa hagati kugira ngo amazi ava hagati ajye mu duce tuyikikije yoroherezwe.

6. Kubaka uburyo bwo kuhira no gukurura amazi. Imiterere y'uburyo bwo kuhira no gukurura amazi akenshi "iba ijyanye n'igihe" bitewe n'ikiguzi. Mu by'ukuri, ubusitani bwiza, cyane cyane ubusitani bwo ku kibuga cy'imikino, nk'ikibuga cya golf n'ubusitani bw'umupira w'amaguru, ni umushinga w'ingenzi mu kubaka ubusitani.