Nyuma y'uko ubusitani bumaze kubakwa, hiyongereyeho n'ibikwiyegucunga imicungire y'ibikorwa by'ubwisunganenko gufumbira, kuhira, no gukata, ni ngombwa kandi ko umwuka ugera ku gihe. Ukurikije ibyo ubwatsi bw’icyatsi bukenera mu gukura no gukura ubwabwo ndetse n’imikorere y’ubwatsi, ingamba zo guhumeka ni ingenzi cyane. Guhumeka ni uburyo bwo kubungabunga buhitamo imashini zikwiye zo guhumeka kugira ngo zikore imigozi y’ubutaka mu busitani mu gihe gikwiye, kunoza imiterere y’ubutaka n’ibindi biranga ubwatsi, kwihutisha kubora kw’igiti cy’ubwatsi, no guteza imbere gukura no gukura kw’ibice biri hejuru y’ubutaka n’ibiri munsi y’ubutaka by’ubwatsi. Guhitamo imbuto nziza z’ubwatsi zikomoka kuri Chunyin bishobora kunoza neza ubushobozi bw’ubwatsi bwo guhangana n’ubwatsi.
Ubwa mbere, hari imashini nyinshi zikoresha umwuka, kandi hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bukoreshwa: bumwe ni imashini ikoresha umwuka uzenguruka, ubundi ni imashini ikoresha umwuka uhagaze. Imashini ikoresha umwuka uhagaze ifite amenyo atyaye. Itera kwangirika guke ku buso bw'ubwatsi iyo ikora, kandi uburebure bw'umwuka ni bunini, kugeza kuri cm 8-10, kandi ifite uburyo bwo gukoresha umwuka uhagaze imbere n'uhagaze. Imashini izunguruka ifite utubuto tw'ubuhumekero dufunguye. Ibyiza byayo ni umuvuduko wo gukora vuba kandi nta kwangirika guke ku buso bw'ubwatsi, ariko uburebure bwo gucukura ni buke ugereranyije n'ubw'icyuma gikoresha umwuka uhagaze. Dukurikije ingano y'utubuto n'udushumi tw'izi mashini ebyiri, umurambararo w'umuzingo w'ubutaka upfundikiye uhinduka hagati ya mm 6-8, kandi uburebure buhagaze bw'umuzingo w'ubutaka upfundikiye nabwo buratandukana bitewe n'ubucucike bw'ubutaka, ubucucike bw'amazi n'ubunini bw'ubutaka n'ubushobozi bwo kwinjira bw'icyuma gipfundikira. Muri rusange, uko ubutaka burushaho kuba bunini, ni ko ubushobozi bw'ubutaka burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko amazi aba make, kandi ni ko gucukura kuzamuka. Uko icyuma gipfundikira kirushaho kuba kinini, ni ko gucukura kuzamuka. Akamaro k'ingenzi ko gucukura ni ukunoza uburyo umwuka unyura mu butaka. Nyuma yo gucukura ubutaka, nubwo uburyo umwuka unyuramo hagati y'imyobo, igice kiri munsi y'umwobo, n'ibice bikikije umwobo no munsi yawo bitaratunganywa, hasigara utwobo duto ku butaka, ibyo byongera ubukana bw'ubutaka kandi bikongera ubuso bw'ubutaka, bityo uburyo umwuka unyuramo n'amazi mu butaka birushaho kwiyongera cyane.
2. Ingaruka nyuma yo guhumeka: guhumeka bituma ubutaka butoha, bikongera imiterere y’ubutaka cyangwa ubutaka butoha amazi, byihutisha kuma kw’ubutaka butose igihe kirekire, bikongera ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu butaka bufite ubuso butose cyangwa urwego runini rw’amashami, bitera imbere gukura kw’imizi mu mwobo nyuma yo gucukurwaho, binoza ubushobozi bwo guhanahana ubutaka, binoza ubushobozi bw’ubutaka bwo kubika intungamubiri n’amazi, kandi bikongera imbaraga zo kubora kw’ibisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima.
3. Ingaruka mbi nyuma yo guhumeka zisenya by'agateganyo ubusugire bw'ubuso bw'ubwatsi. Bitewe no kugaragara k'ubutaka bw'ubwatsi, bitera amazi mu byatsi byo mu gasozi. Iyo imiterere ikwiriye imbuto z'ibyatsi bibi kumera, hari ibyatsi bibi bikunze kumera, byihutisha kwangirika kw'udukoko nka cutworms. Ku butaka bw'ubwatsi buto cyane, igihe cyose amazi atari make, guhumeka bishobora kunoza imiterere y'imikurire hafi y'umwobo. Iyo guhumeka bisubiwemo imyaka myinshi yikurikiranya, imiterere y'imikurire y'ubwatsi bwose izarushaho kuba myiza.
Igihe cyo guhumeka ni ingenzi cyane. Mu gihe cy'amapfa, ibyatsi byo mu gasozi bizashira amazi menshi mu gace. Urugero, hagati mu mpeshyi, nyuma yo gucukura ku munsi w'umucanga kandi ushyushye, ubwatsi bwo mu gasozi bushobora gushira amazi menshi mu gace. Kubwibyo, ni byiza gucukura imyobo iyo ubwatsi buri gukura neza kandi imikurire ikaba myiza. Gucukura ntibigomba kwita gusa ku gihe, ahubwo bigomba no guhuzwa neza n'izindi ngamba. Urugero, gufumbira no kuhira ku butaka nyuma yo gucukura bishobora gukumira amazi menshi mu byatsi no kunoza uburyo ifumbire ikoreshwa n'imizi.
Bitewe no kwaguka k'ubuso bw'ubutaka bw'ubwatsi, muri rusange bushobora kwikuba kabiri, ubuso bw'ubutaka bw'ubwatsi n'umwuka n'amazi buriyongera, uburyo amazi yinjira n'amazi mu butaka ndetse n'umwuka w'ubutaka birarushaho kwiyongera, ibyo bikaba byiza mu kororoka kwa mikorobe zo mu kirere, ingano ya ogisijeni mu butaka iriyongera, ubushobozi bwo kurekura ogisijeni mu butaka burarushaho kwiyongera, kandi igipimo cyo kubora kw'igiti cy'ubutaka n'ibindi bisigazwa by'ibinyabuzima kirihuta.
Nyumagucukura imyobo, hazasigara utwobo duto duto ku buso bw'ubwatsi, ariko bitewe no gukandagira, kuhira no gutemba kw'ubutaka ku ruhande, imyobo izinjira vuba, bityo bikagabanya igihe cyo gucukura. Kugira ngo kunoze ingaruka zo gucukura, ubusanzwe ni ngombwa gushyira ubutaka ku buso nyuma yo gucukura no gusukura imiyoboro y'ubutaka. Koresha ibikoresho bitandukanye n'ubutaka bw'ubwatsi, nk'umucanga n'ubutaka bw'intungamubiri, kugira ngo ushyireho ubuso. Iyo ibyo bikoresho byuzuye imyobo, ubutaka buracyahumeka neza, kandi ni ingirakamaro mu kubora kw'urwego rw'igiti. Niba ibikoresho bikoreshwa ku buso ari ifumbire, bishobora kongera ubushyuhe bw'ifumbire idahinduka cyane nka lime na fosifore mu butaka, kwihutisha umuvuduko w'ifumbire mu butaka, kunoza imiterere y'ifumbire ikora vuba, no gukumira ibura ry'ifumbire ya azote. Gushyira ku buso nyuma yo gucukura bifitiye akamaro byombi. Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro y'ubutaka nyuma yo gucukura igomba gusukurwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko imiyoboro y'ubutaka ifata ku byatsi nyuma yo kuhira, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku butaka gusa ahubwo binatera indwara n'ibyatsi bibi byoroshye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 13-2024