Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ubwatsi bw'ibimera bufite imiterere itandukanye. Gutandukanya ubwatsi bw'ibimera byinshi hakurikijwe ibipimo runaka byitwa gushyira mu byiciro ubwatsi bw'ibimera.
Gushyira mu byiciro hashingiwe ku miterere y'ikirere n'uburyo ubwatsi bw'ibimera bukwirakwira mu turere. Ubwatsi bw'ibimera bushobora kugabanywamo ubwatsi bw'ibimera mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe n'ubwatsi bw'ibimera mu gihe cy'ubukonje hakurikijwe imiterere y'ikirere ikwiye kugira ngo ubwatsi bw'ibimera bukure ndetse n'uburyo bukwirakwira mu turere.
1. Ubwatsi bw'ibihuru mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe: Bwitwa kandi ubwatsi bw'impeshyi, ahanini bubarirwa mu bimera bimwe na bimwe byo mu muryango wa Gramineae na Thrush. Ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukura ni dogere 25-30, kandi bukwirakwira cyane cyane mu kibaya cy'uruzi rwa Yangtze no mu turere two hasi tw'ubutumburuke mu majyepfo. Ikiranga cyabwo cy'ingenzi ni uko butuje mu gihe cy'itumba, bugatangira guhinduka icyatsi mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi, kandi bugakura cyane nyuma yo gukira. Mu mpera z'umuhindo, iyo ubukonje bumaze kwangirika, amashami yabwo n'amababi yabwo biraruma bigahinduka icyatsi kibisi. Mu bimera by'ibihuru mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe, ibyinshi muri byo bimenyera guhingwa mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa gusa, kandi amoko make gusa ni yo ashobora gukura neza mu turere two mu majyaruguru.
2. Ubwatsi bw'ibimera mu gihe cy'ubukonje: Buzwi kandi nk'ubwatsi bw'itumba, ahanini ni ubwa Poa. Bukwirakwira cyane cyane mu majyaruguru y'igihugu cyanjye mu majyaruguru y'uruzi rwa Yangtze, nko mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa, mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'Ubushinwa n'Amajyaruguru y'Uburengerazuba bw'Ubushinwa. Ibiranga by'ingenzi ni ukwihanganira ubukonje cyane, kutihanganira ubushyuhe mu mpeshyi, no gukura cyane mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'umuhindo. Bukwiriye guhingwa mu majyaruguru y'igihugu cyanjye. Amwe muri ayo moko ashobora no guhingwa mu turere two hagati n'utw'uburengerazuba bw'igihugu cyanjye bitewe nuko bushobora kwihuta.
Gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe imiryango n'imiryango itandukanye. Mu bihe byashize, imiterere y'ingenzi y'ibimera byo mu gasozi yari ibyatsi. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, byagiye bihinduka Cyperaceae, Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, n'ibindi.
1. Udukoko twa Gramineae duharira ibimera byo mu gasozi birenga 90% by'ibimera byo mu gasozi. Ubwoko bw'ibimera bugabanyijemo ubwoko bw'ibimera bya fescue, ubwoko bw'ibimera byo mu bwoko bwa millet n'ubwoko bw'ibimera byo mu bwoko bwa thrush.
(1) Udukoko two mu bwoko bwa Bentgrass: Ubwoko bw'ibyatsi byihariye burimo udukoko two mu bwoko bwa bentgrass, udukoko two mu bwoko bwa downy bentgrass, udukoko two mu bwoko bwa creeping bentgrass n'udukoko duto twa chackgrass. Ubu bwoko bw'ibyatsi bufite stolons cyangwa rhizomes, bukwirakwira vuba, bufite ubutaka bwiza, kandi burwanya gukandagira. , ubwatsi ni bwiza kandi bunini, amababi ni manini, kandi bushobora kwifashishwa mu butaka butose kandi bufite aside nke. Bushobora kubaka ubwatsi bwiza, nko ku bibuga bya golf, ibibuga bya hockey n'ibindi bibuga bya siporo n'ubwatsi bwiza bwo gushushanya.
(2) Ubwoko bwa Festuca: Ubwoko bw’ibimera burimo fescue ifite amababi akomeye y’umuhengeri, fescue ifite amababi meza y’umuhengeri, fescue, fescue ifite amababi meza n’fescue ndende. Ikimenyetso gikunze kugaragara ni uko zirwanya cyane imihangayiko, kandi zirwanya cyane aside, alkali, ubutaka butarimo, ubutaka bwumye, ubukonje, ikirere gishyushye n’umwuka wanduye. Fescue ifite amababi akomeye y’umuhengeri, fescue ifite amababi meza y’umuhengeri, fescue, na fescue ifite amababi meza zose ni ubwoko bukura buhoro bufite amababi meza. Fescue ndende ni ubwoko burebure kandi bufite amababi manini. Festuca turfgrass ikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'imbuto zihuza mu gutera imbuto zivanzeubusitani bw'imikinon'ubusitani butandukanye bw'icyatsi kibisi.
(3) Ubwoko bwa Poa: Ubwoko bw’ibimera ni ubwatsi bwa bluegrass bwo mu gasozi, ubwatsi busanzwe bwa bluegrass, ubwatsi bwa bluegrass bwo mu gasozi na bluegrass, nibindi. Bufite amashami meza, bufite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukora ubwatsi, kandi burwanya gukandagira. Ubwatsi ni bwiza, burakomeye, kandi burarambuye. Ubwatsi bufite ubushobozi bwo kugorama, amababi y’icyatsi kibisi, n’igihe kirekire cy’icyatsi kibisi. Bufite ubushobozi buke bwo guhangana n’imihangayiko kandi bufite ibisabwa cyane ku mazi, ifumbire n’imiterere y’ubutaka. Ubu bwoko bwa turfgrass ni bwo bwoko bw’ibyatsi by’ingenzi bikoreshwa mu kubaka ahantu hatandukanye h’icyatsi kibisi mu majyaruguru kandi ni nabwo bwoko bw’ibyatsi by’ingenzi bikoreshwa mu kubaka ubwatsi bw’imikino, cyane cyane ubwoko bwinshi bwa bluegrass.
(4) Ubwatsi bwa Rye: Ubwoko bw'ibyatsi byihariye ni ubwatsi bwa rye buhorana igihe kirekire, ubwatsi bwa foxtail, n'ubwatsi bwa timothy. Imbuto za rye zihorana igihe kirekire zigira umuvuduko wo kumera cyane, zikura vuba, zikura neza, kandi ziba zifite amababi y'icyatsi kibisi n'amabara meza. Ariko, zikenera amazi menshi n'ifumbire kandi zimara igihe gito (imyaka 96). Muri rusange zikoreshwa mu gutera ibihuru bivanze mu mbuga za siporo n'ubwatsi butandukanye bw'icyatsi kibisi. Ubwoko bw'ibyatsi birinzwe muri gahunda.
(5) Zoysia: Ubwoko bw'ibyatsi byihariye ni Zoysia, Zoysia macrospike, Zoysia sinensis, Zoysia Manila, na Zoysia tenuifolia. Ibyatsi bya Zoysia bifite imiterere myiza cyane nko kwihanganira amapfa, kurwanya gukandagira, kurwanya indwara n'udukoko, nibindi, kandi bifite urwego runaka rwo gukomera no gukomera. Si igiti cyiza cyo mu gasozi gusa, ahubwo ni n'igihingwa cyiza cyo gufata ubutaka no kurinda imisozi.
2. Ibimera bitari graminoid: Igihingwa icyo ari cyo cyose gifite stolons zakuze neza, nto kandi zuzuye, zirwanya imicungire yagutse, zikandagira, igihe kirekire cy'icyatsi kibisi, kandi zoroshye gukora ubwatsi buto zishobora gukoreshwa mu gutera ubwatsi. Udusimba twa Cyperaceae, nka Carex alba, Carex tenuifolia, Carex heterospora, Carex ovata, nibindi; clover yera, clover itukura, indabyo z'ikorosi rihinduka, nibindi byo mu bwoko bwa Trifolium bishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibimera by'indabyo by'indabyo, icya kabiri, hari ibindi byatsi, nka creeping water chestnut, step grass, thyme, creeping Potentilla, nibindi, bishobora no gukoreshwa nk'indabyo zo mu busitani, modeling n'ibimera by'indabyo by'indabyo.
Ishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ubugari bw'icyuma cy'ubwatsi
1. Ubwatsi bw'ibibabi binini: bufite ubugari bw'amababi burenga mm 4, bukura neza kandi bushobora kwihuta, bukwiriye ahantu hanini h'ubwatsi. Nk'ubwatsi bwa zoysia, ubwatsi bwo mu matapi, ubwatsi bwo mu biti, ubwatsi bw'imigano, fescue ndende, n'ibindi.
2. Ubwatsi bw'ibibabi bito: Inkingi n'amababi ni bito kandi ubugari bw'amababi ni mm 94. Bushobora gukora ubwatsi burambuye, bungana kandi bunini kandi busaba ubutaka bwiza. Nka bentgrass, zoysia, bluegrass, fescue na buffalo grass.
Shyira mu byiciro ukurikije uburebure bw'ibimera! Ubwatsi bwo mu gasozi buke: Uburebure bw'ibimera muri rusange buri munsi ya cm 20, bushobora gukora ubwatsi bwo hasi kandi bunini bufite stolons na rhizomes byakuze neza. Birwanya gukandagirwa, bicungwa neza, ibyinshi muri byo byongera ubwiyongere budafite igitsina. Nk'ubwatsi bw'ingore, ubwatsi bwa bermuda, ubwatsi bwo mu matapi, ubwatsi bwo mu gasozi.
Ubwatsi burebure: Ubusanzwe uburebure bw'igihingwa ni cm 20. Muri rusange bukwirakwizwa no guterwa imbuto. Bukura vuba kandi bushobora gukora ubwatsi mu gihe gito. Bukwiriye guterwa ubwatsi bunini. Ingorane yabwo ni uko bugomba gucibwa kenshi kugira ngo bukore ubwatsi bwiza. Nka fescue ndende, ryegrass, bluegrass, bentgrass, nibindi.
Gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe icyo ubwatsi bw'icyatsi bugamije
1. Ubwatsi bw'imitako: bukoreshwa cyane mu busitani bw'imitako. Ubwoko bw'ubwatsi busabwa kuba burambitse, buke, bufite igihe kirekire cy'icyatsi kibisi, kandi bufite amashami n'amababi menshi. Muri rusange, ubwatsi bw'amababi meza burakwiriye. Cyangwa ibimera bimwe na bimwe bifite amababi yihariye kandi meza, utudomo twiza, imirongo n'amabara ku mababi cyangwa amababi, hamwe n'amabara meza y'indabyo n'impumuro nziza. Nk'ururabo rw'umweru, indabyo z'ikamba zihinduka, thyme, Potentilla ikunda kumera.
2. Ubwatsi busanzwe bw’icyatsi kibisi: Ubwatsi bwinshi bw’icyatsi bushobora gukoreshwa nk’ubwatsi busanzwe bw’icyatsi kibisi. Bufite ubushobozi bwo kwihutisha ibintu, bushobora gukoreshwa neza mu busitani no gukura neza. Bufite ahantu hanini ho guterwa no gutera, kandi bwabaye ubwoko bw’ibyatsi by’ingenzi muri ako gace. Bukoreshwa cyane mu busitani bwo kwidagadura. Nta miterere ihamye bufite kandi bucungwa neza, butuma abantu binjira mu bikorwa byo kwidagadura. Nk’ibiti byiza byo mu bwoko bwa zoysia, ibyatsi byo mu bwoko bwa tapi, na bermudagrass mu majyepfo y’igihugu cyanjye, n’ibyatsi byo mu bwoko bwa bluegrass, white clover, na buffalo grass mu majyaruguru.
3. Gutunganya ubutaka no kurinda ubuhaname: bimwe mu byatsi bifite imirasire n'ibiti byakuze cyane bifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza ubutaka kandi bikanahindura imiterere yabyo, nka zoysia grass, thrift grass, bamboo grass, bromegrass, rhizome type Yanmaicao nibindi.
4. Imitakoubwatsi bwo mu gasozi: bivuga ibimera byo mu gasozi bifite amabara meza kandi bitwikiriye mu busitani kugira ngo byuzuzanye kandi binaryoshye ubusitani. Bikoreshwa cyane mu busitani bwo gushushanya, nka corolla, umuzi wa lotus, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-15-2024